Details

Ischemia and Loss of Vascular Autoregulation in Ocular and Cerebral Diseases

A New Perspective

von: Maurice E. Langham
96,29 €
Verlag:	Springer
Format:	PDF
Veröffentl.:	23.01.2010
ISBN/EAN:	9780387097169
Sprache:	englisch
Anzahl Seiten:	192

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Beschreibungen

Titelbeschreibung

From the introduction: “The purpose of the present book is to bring together in a coherent manner new knowledge gained from research over the past 50 years on the physiology of intraocular pressure, ocular blood flow and the relation of these fundamental parameters to early diagnosis and therapy of vascular diseases of the eye and brain. It will be evident to the reader that the presentation is influenced significantly by the author’s own research. My justification is that by good fortune I have spent many years with superb collaboration helping solve outstanding problems of ocular physiology. This knowledge has increased understanding of the parameters underlying the onset of ischemia and the loss of autoregulation associated with common ocular disease and thereby led to new methods of diagnosis and therapy.”

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Invasive Studies of the Parameters Regulating Ocular Physiology and Vision.- “In Vivo” Manometric Studies of the Steady State Intraocular Pressure and the Intraocular Pressure Pulse in Animals and Man.- The Rate of Formation of the Aqueous Humor.- The Steady State Intraocular Pressure/Flow Relations in Dead and Living Animal and Human Eyes.- Homeostasis, Autoregulation, and Relative Ischemia.- The Pressure/Volume Relation in Eyes of Dead and Living Animal and Human Eyes.- The Ocular Perfusion Pressure and Its Influence on the Intraocular Pressure Pulse.- Direct and Indirect Measurements of Ocular Blood Flow in Anesthetized and Conscious Animals and Humans.- The Morphology and Hydrodynamics of the Chamber Angle Draining the Aqueous Humor.- The Sympathetic Nerve Innervation of the Eye and the Actions of the Adrenergic Neuron Transmitter Norepinephrine on Intraocular Pressure and Ocular Blood Flow.- Manometric Studies ?on the Intraocular Pressure and Vascular Circulation in Ophthalmic Disease.- Noninvasive Studies on the IOP, PA, and Blood Flow Autoregulation in Healthy and Diseased Eyes.- Indirect Measurements of the Intraocular Pressure and the Intraocular Pressure Pulse.- The Effect of Posture and Corneal Thickness on the Measurement of the Intraocular Pressure.- The Langham Pneumatic Analogue and Digitized Tonometers.- The Calibration of the Intraocular Pressure and the Intraocular Pressure Pulse using the Langham Pneumatic Tonometer.- The Theory of the Langham Tonometer.- The Intraocular Pressure/Pulse Amplitude Relation in Healthy Animal and Human Eyes.- The Intraocular Pressure/Pulse Amplitude Relation and Loss of Autoregulation in Ocular Diseases.- Autoregulation of the Intraocular Pressure and the Ocular Blood Flow.- The Evaluation of Ocular Ischemia and theLoss of Autoregulation for the Early Detection of Ocular Vascular Diseases.- The Action of Drugs on Ocular Blood Flow and on the Intraocular Pressure/Pulse Amplitude Relation.- The Confluence and Integration of Therapies Based on Modulation of the Intraocular Pressure and Ocular Blood Flow.- Longitudinal Therapeutic Studies.- Opthalmodynamometry, the Ophthalmic Arterial Pressure and the Effect of Increased Vascular Resistance Proximal and Distal to the Ophthalmic Artery on Ocular Blood Flow, the IOP/PA Relation and Vision.- The Ophthalmic Arterial Pressure, the Intraocular Pressure/Pulse Amplitude Curve, and Their Relations to the Ocular and Cerebral Circulations.- Ophthalmodynamometry.- Autoregulation of the Intraocular Pressure and Blood Flow in the Human Eye.- Objective Measurement of the Diastolic and Systolic Ophthalmic Arterial Pressures.- The Ophthalmic Arterial Pressure in Healthy Subjects.- The Relation Between the Ophthalmic Arterial Pressure and the Intraocular Pressure/Pulse Amplitude Relation.- Modulation of the Intraocular Pressure/Pulse Amplitude Relation in Subjects with Stenosis of the Internal Carotid Artery.- Alzheimer's Disease and the Eye.- The Ocular Perfusion Pressure and the Visual Threshold.- Concepts and New Perspectives.

Back cover copy

Ischemia and Loss of Vascular Autoregulation in Ocular and Cerebral Diseases: A New Perspective presents evidence that ischemia and loss of autoregulation of blood flow are associated with the onset of the major ocular and cerebral diseases including macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, low and normal tension open angle glaucoma, stroke and Alzheimer’s disease. Recognition of these vascular changes underline the critical need for clinicians to monitor blood flow and autoregulation to improve early diagnosis and to optimize therapies of ocular and cerebral vascular diseases. The text brings to clinicians in Ophthalmology, Neurology, Medicine, Optometry and Geriatrics decisive guidance on the practical aspects for early diagnosis and treatment of ocular and cerebral diseases.
The author brings together in a concise form the progress made over the span of his career and provides new perspectives and understanding of the fluid circulations of the eye and the brain. In addition, he explains the new analytical technologies that made the new concepts possible. The physiological and functional importance of blood flow autoregulation in the eye and in the brain in minimizing the progression of pathology, including the ischemia resulting from stenosis of the internal carotid artery and stroke, are also presented . 
ABOUT THE AUTHOR: Dr. Langham was born in London, England. In 1947, he joined the Ophthalmological Research Unit, newly formed by the Medical Research Council of the United Kingdom under the direction of Sir Stewart Duke-Elder. In 1956, the author enjoyed a research fellowship at Harvard University. After returning to England for a time, he accepted a position of Associate Professor of Ophthalmology and Director of Research at the Wilmer Ophthalmological Institute of the Johns Hopkins Hospital and Medical school in 1959. There he initiated a program in which all residents spent time engaged inresearch. This productive interaction between the disciplines led to many important clinical diagnostic and therapeutic advances.

Sonderbeitrag

Decisive guidance on the practical aspects for early diagnosis and treatment of ocular and cerebral diseases for clinicians in ophthalmology, neurology, medicine, optometry and geriatrics Brings together 50 years of research on the physiology of intraocular pressure, ocular blood flow and their relation to early diagnosis and therapy of vascular diseases of the eye and brain Presents evidence that ischemia and loss of autoregulation of blood flow are associated with the onset of the major ocular and cerebral diseases including macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, low and normal tension open angle glaucoma, stroke and Alzheimer’s disease Includes supplementary material: sn.pub/extras